Tuesday, December 10, 2019
Nursing Leadership Healthcare Centers
Question: Discuss about the Nursing Leadership for Healthcare Centers. Answer: The health care sector of the modern days is under constant change, and it is challenging for the healthcare centers to provide treatment according to the demand of a situation. With the expansion of the healthcare industry, there is a fierce competition within the market. The leadership skill is one of the prime requirements in the clinical practice, which will help to improve the quality of health service that is providing to the society. According to Hauck e al., (2013), the commitment towards the objective with full passion is highly necessary for a leader to gain respect and reputation among the stakeholders. The dedication towards the patient advocates, employee advocates, and clinicians are highly essential for a person in the role of nursing leadership (Makaroff et al., 2014). The essay deals with a clinical issue-satisfying patients and their families related to the leadership in nursing and clinical practice. Focus is also given to the importance of clinical leadership and the key changes that are required in this field in the modern context. The essay highlights the critical analysis of the issue and the barriers that exist in the nursing and leadership while dealing the issue. The essay provides the critical discussion of the leadership attributes and skills essential to facilitate and evaluate the change process and outcomes. Since several decades the healthcare organizations have been striving hard to increase the patient satisfaction. With the growth in the health care industry, there is an increase in competition (Cherry Jacob, 2015). Therefore, more people intend to access the health care dollars. Thus patient satisfaction has become critical. Patients are unwilling to visit the care facility that does not maintain records of the customer satisfaction. The other factors affecting the patient satisfaction is the preoperative delay and extended stay in hospital (Rokstad et al., 2015). Since mostly nurses interact with the patients and their families, there is a need for nursing leaders to devise an improvement plan to enhance the treatment experience. Being the first line of defense it is crucial for nurses to assure patient safety. Nurses are uniquely placed to address these challenges and successfully navigate the changes in the health care legislations (Wong Laschinger, 2013). Thus, the leaders of the healthcare institute have to face the tough challenge to maintain the high level of patient satisfaction. According to Grossman Valiga, (2012) patient satisfaction is the important issue as it affects the clinical outcomes medical malpractice claims and patient retention. It affects the patient-centered delivery of quality care in timely and efficient manner. Customer satisfaction increases staff morale and efficiency which reduces the staff turnover. Therefore, this ensures consistent profitability and increases productivity. According to Hutchinson Jackson, (2013) over the lifetime of the practice, loss of over $200,000 in income has been reported due to dissatisfaction and loss of the patient. Patient satisfaction decreases the price wars. Health organization with high customer loyalty can charge high price without losing their market share. In the USA, 70% of the patient willingly pays more money when they consult a quality physician of their choice (Laschinger et al., 2015). This makes patient retention easier. Thus, patient satisfaction is a measurement indicator of the success o f hospital and medical professionals. A health organization faces several barriers while implementing practices that are patient-centered and enhance patient satisfaction. According to Rokstad et al., (2015) non-uniform technologies and policies are the barriers to the consistent provision of patient and family centered care. Faster standardization of the policies and patient-centered care requires independence from other projects. Further, there is a lack of the model for all the medical specialties. Mostly, practice models are focused on guiding nurses in specific role whereas they play a variety of roles (Wong, Laschinger, 2013). Appropriate managers and nurse specialists must clarify the problem solving processes and develop strategies for knowledge acquisition. Cherry Jacob, (2015) highlighted that nurses are not fully engaged in a manner required to accept and implement policies related to patient and family centered care (Grossman Valiga, 2012). The barriers to change for nurses also include an inability of the organization to perceive the importance of increased influence and leadership of the nurses in decision making or generation of revenue. Nurses focus only on the acute care and do not have weight in their say on national issues, which is an additional barrier. Also, nurses have less influence in reducing medical errors, improvement of quality care, and in wellness promotion (Makaroff et al., 2014). Hutchinson Jackson, (2013) highlighted that nurses and patients have the least amount of influence on health care reforms that hinders the change initiative process. Nurses at all levels require strong leadership competencies to promote patient satisfaction. All the nurses playing a role as a leader must be clear with the concept of innovation, quality, teamwork, integrity, innovation, service, and compassion (Wong, Laschinger, 2013). Nurses as a leader must be both functional doers as well as thoughtful strategists. It is vital for nurses to have decision-making skills. They must act independently based on the evidence, education, and their experience. Effective leadership skill needs nurses to be influential as most of the time nurses interact with the patients and their families. Nurses should be influential in increasing access to primary care. According to Hauck, Winsett Kuric, (2013), there is a need for nursing leaders to have knowledge and critical awareness of the care delivery system, know the fundamental aspects of ethical care, teamwork within and across disciplines, foundations for quality and safety improvement, effective advocate for patient and theories of innovation. Nurse leaders can be successful in addressing patient-related challenges by having effective communication and collaborative skills to mutually work with others as full partners. This leadership skill has been effective in improving patient outcome, and decrease in medical errors. Working with others in the context of mutual respect has been associated with less staff turnover (Grossman Valiga, 2012). The collaborative behavior of clinical leaders have been documented to decrease the length of hospital stay, preoperative delays, increased job satisfaction, retention among nurses, cost savings and improved teamwork (Laschinger et al., 2014). Wong et al., (2013) believes that the leadership style should be such that it must flow in all directions and at all levels. Effective nurse leaders engage colleagues, executives, and subordinates to work together to identify and achieve the common goals of the organization. This leadership style holds physicians, nurses and other involved health care professionals accountable for improving quality and reducing the preventable medication errors. Hauck et al., (2013) believes that nursing leaders intending to pursue business development or entrepreneurial opportunities must develop competencies in the areas of financing policy, market forces, regulatory frameworks, and market forces. According to Blais, (2015), nurse leader rounds have been found to be an effective strategy in improving patient satisfaction in some hospitals. I will embrace the elements of this strategy which include setting a "site-specific annual goals" were nurses must strive for achieving 90th percentile performance. One can make solid progress by learning from those achieving goals. Goal setting will help overcome day-to-day challenges such as preoperative assessment, reducing the surgical cancellations. It also includes a use of evidence and practicing accountability for particular patient-centered action and medical errors (Rokstad et al., 2015). This strategy also includes preparing of reports to track the changes and improvements. I have always been benefited from the self-evaluation method and reflective practice as it is an efficient method in the process of self-development. As a nursing leader, I will collaborate with my seniors to make any changes in patient related policies to impr ove the outcomes. The literature evidence suggests that nursing led rounds have identified few key challenges that are the higher demand for leader time, systemic follow up of lessons from rounds, focus on new changes required, and reliable implementation of local monitoring systems (Galletta et al., 2013). As a good leader, I will introduce myself to the patient and collect feedback from the patient regarding the care received, concerns and experience so far. I will effectively communicate with the patient's family member during rounds if anyone has made the patient's stay extra special in the hospital and what made it special. This communication will help me in identifying any gaps in the service such as low ICU beds that is to be addressed and exceptional patient and family experiences visiting the facility. This internal monitoring will help me to ensure that the commitment given to the client is respected. Simultaneously I will make sure that both the quality and quantity of the practice is maint ained. During rounding conversations, I will figure out if any of my juniors require additional mentoring for developing their abilities to meet and exceed patient expectations. According to Hutchinson Jackson, (2013), transformational leadership is effective leaderships style as it involves strong "leader-follower" engagement in the pursuit of jointly held goals and is considered inspiring. I like this style as it gratifies the follower's needs, motivation, and values as well as leaders' preferences in response to the follower. Therefore, I would adopt this style to enhance patient and family satisfaction. To lead nurses must implement innovative ideas by tracking the context of the social context. They need to develop ideas, to acquire a seat in policy making body, create innovative care models at the bedside, or courageously approach management. This will help them develop sustainable and reliable solutions (Grossman Valiga, 2012). There is also a need for shift required in the way nurses view their responsibility of care, work in full partnerships with other professionals, must socialize and educate others in the setting (Cherry Jacob, 2015). All the nurses and clinic managers must have the basic grasp of the leadership skills, and it can be mastered over time. These skills are required to understand and anticipate the population trends. To be successful in partnerships roles, leaders must be equipped with conflict resolution and negotiating skills (Makaroff et al., 2014). For example, before clinical procedure say, Catheter insertion if there is a need of filling and completion o f a checklist as a part of safety strategy, nurses must ensure that all the instructions are followed correctly. If any physician or a nurse has been found with noncompliance to the checklist such as a use of sterile field with contaminated hands and legs, or any carelessness, then the nurse must have the basic leadership skills to charge the person to follow the steps of protocol strictly. The crucial aspect of nurse leaders focused towards patient and family-centered care is the skill to assist patients in practicing self-care. Nurses must play a role of servant leader," a style that requires nurses to be concerned with patients growth they are serving. Self-development, humility, accountability, visionary, are the characteristics of the serving leaders (Grohar-Murray et al., 2016). As a nurse, I would cultivate the skills of servant leader as it is more focused towards addressing patient needs and concerns. Thus, it will be more effective in enhancing patient and family satisfaction. I would like to upgrade my problem solving abilities because most patients complain about difficult in documenting their complaints in a hospital. For me apologizing for inconvenience is not an option rather I believe in taking steps that prevent such incidents in future. Conclusively, patient satisfaction is a strong motivating factor and a proxy indicator of the success of hospital and performance of medical professionals. Healthcare leaders are faced with many challenges, and their key priority is to provide exceptional care experiences to the patients and their families to enhance the level of satisfaction. The attributes and skills of an effective leader evident from the literature review have enlightened my need to strive hard to achieve these skills as I am far behind in the way of being an effective leader keeping in view the challenges and demands of present health care industry. As a leader, I would work on the successful leadership skills and attributes identified in the literature to enhance my performance. References Blais, K. (2015).Professional nursing practice: Concepts and perspectives. Pearson. Cherry, B., Jacob, S. R. (2015).Contemporary nursing: Issues, trends, management. Elsevier Health Sciences. Galletta, M., Portoghese, I., Battistelli, A., Leiter, M. P. (2013). The roles of unit leadership and nursephysician collaboration on nursing turnover intention.Journal of Advanced Nursing,69(8), 1771-1784. Grohar-Murray, M. E., DiCroce, H. R., Langan, J. C. (2016).Leadership and management in nursing. Pearson. Grossman, S. C., Valiga, T. M. (2012).The new leadership challenge: Creating the future of nursing. FA Davis. Hauck, S., Winsett, R. P., Kuric, J. (2013). Leadership facilitation strategies to establish evidence?based practice in an acute care hospital.Journal of advanced nursing,69(3), 664-674. Huber, D. (2013).Leadership and nursing care management. Elsevier Health Sciences. Hutchinson, M., Jackson, D. (2013). Transformational leadership in nursing: towards a more critical interpretation.Nursing Inquiry,20(1), 11-22. Laschinger, H. K. S., Wong, C. A., Cummings, G. G., Grau, A. L. (2014). Resonant leadership and workplace empowerment: The value of positive organizational cultures in reducing workplace incivility.Nursing economics,32(1), 5. Makaroff, K. S., Storch, J., Pauly, B., Newton, L. (2014). Searching for ethical leadership in nursing.Nursing ethics, 0969733013513213. Rokstad, A. M. M., Vatne, S., Engedal, K., Selbk, G. (2015). The role of leadership in the implementation of person?centred care using Dementia Care Mapping: a study in three nursing homes.Journal of nursing management,23(1), 15-26. Wong, C. A., Laschinger, H. K. (2013). Authentic leadership, performance, and job satisfaction: the mediating role of empowerment.Journal of advanced nursing,69(4), 947-959. Wong, C. A., Cummings, G. G., Ducharme, L. (2013). The relationship between nursing leadership and patient outcomes: a systematic review update.Journal of nursing management,21(5), 709-724.
Tuesday, December 3, 2019
My Brother Aaron free essay sample
The spring my brother Aaron turned seven, he started playing in a tee-ball league. In teeball, coaches need every volunteer they can find. So I started serving as first base coach or catcher when Aaronââ¬â¢s team was hitting. Sometimes I brought the tee out if necessary, or when my team was in the field, I stood behind them and made sure to get the ball when it occasionally got past the fielder. The next year, Aaron moved up a league, and so did I. At eight, he played his first year of Little League minorââ¬â¢s baseball. From the beginning of minors, I showed up at all the practices and all the games I could. Since the players were older and more experienced, I was able to ââ¬Ëcoachââ¬â¢ and be less of a volunteer babysitter. I sat in the dugout and helped keep the kids under control. During the games we talked baseball, or we stood banging at the fence cheering on our teammates. We will write a custom essay sample on My Brother Aaron or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page As another year passed, Aaron turned nine and I could drive him around. I continued to coach his team. We were the Essex Cardinals, and I became the assistant coach. I committed myself and made it a point to be at every game and practice. The other coaches liked me because, unlike the older coaches, I could still do all the drills with the kids, tempering their energy with my own. Sometimes people say a good friend is like the brother they never had. Aaron is the brother I do have. I want him to succeed. I also want to be the best at everything I do, but I want him right there with me. In the first game of the year, Aaron came in as a relief pitcher. He threw a 1-2-3 inning, and I will never forget it. But unfortunately the team lost. There were definitely times in the season when Aaron did not believe in himself. But I always believed in him, and I worked with him on his confidence. After practice we went home and threw some pitches in the yard, and every time I told him not to aim the ball but just throw it hard. Our practice began to pay off. In another memorable game against the Chester Yankees, Aaron came in to pitch when the score was tied. He pitched well, but gave up the winning run in a 3-2 loss. After the game he was pretty upset, as expected, but I told him I thought he had pitched exceptionally well, and that he should hold his head up. I like to think my words really meant something to him. I need to tell Aaron I am proud of him more often. After all, he is my brother. I would be proud of him whatever he chooses to do. Luckily he chose something I lov e: sports. I do not want to take all the credit for his love of sports, or being so good at them, but I push him to do his best. As a coach, I push the entire team. At practice it is time to play, not time to fool around. Together we practice hitting, throwing, fielding, pitching, and running drills. Of course I want the team to do the best they can. When it came time for the playoff tournament last season, we played in a single elimination format (win or go home.) We won one game, but lost in the finals, a bitter pill to swallow. But at least Aaron and I went through it together. One of the best things about coaching is the influence I have on all the players, not just Aaron. Since I live in a small town, I run into players in Aaronââ¬â¢s league all the time when I am hanging out with my friends or working. Kids from the team always run up to me to say hi. Itââ¬â¢s not always convenient, but itââ¬â¢s a responsibility. I know I need to act and lead by example, and I take it very seriously.
Wednesday, November 27, 2019
Marshall Mcluhan Essays - Marshall McLuhan, Media Studies
Marshall Mcluhan Author and social theorist Tom Wolfe once commented on Canadian professor Marshal McLuhans mantra, the medium is the message saying: The new technologiesradically alter the entire way people use their five senses, the way they react to things, and therefore, their entire lives and the entire society. It doesnt matter what the content of a medium like t.v. is 20 hours a day of sadistic cowboys caving in peoples teeth or Pablo Casals droning away on his cello. How is it that violence and the arts are effective in the same manner? Wouldnt the content be the most important factor in analyzing a television program? To understand Marshall McLuhans theories the reader must not be concerned with the symbolic content of what is being said or the cosmetic interpretation of the actual show but rather, look deeper into the whole infrastructure of the medium itself. McLuhan was prone to thinking up clever analogies and plays on words; and describing the content of a medium was no different. He described it as the juicy piece of meat carried by the burglar to distract the watchdog of the mind. We are the content of our media because the way we live life is largely a function of the way we process information. That information is presented and made available by way of a certain medium. In turn, each medium delivers a new message and a new form of human being, whose qualities are suited to it. The same words spoken face to face, printed on paper, or presented on television provide three different messages simply because of the different senses used to perceive it. McLuhan thought primary channels of communication change the way we look at the world around us. The dominant medium of any age governs people and reconnects modes of relationships with the world based on which sensory motor apparatus is being activated. Dominant epochs spring from the phonetic alphabet, printing press, and the telegraph, which were turning points in society because they changed the way people thought about themselves. To understand how and why people are affected by television, one must first become familiar with McLuhans idea of the electronic age. With the advent of television, the power of the printed word is decreased significantly. Books become made-for-t.v. movies and newspapers come alive with twenty-four hour a day headlines. Marshall McLuhan noted this increase in sound and touch and declared that instant communication was a return to prealphabetic oral tradition. The television connected people in a way that created an all at once world where closed human systems are rare. Suddenly everyone could share the same experience of watching images on t.v. at the same time with the same effects. To McLuhan, this meant returning to a single global village where the electronic media re-tribalize the human race. The whole world is becoming like the small town beauty shop where rumors and gossip include foreign ministers and movie stars. We all become busy bodies tracking everyone elses business. As we live, we search for meaning and the process of watching television is no different. However, it is the procedure used to compute this meaning that differs. Watching television has often been seen as a routine, unproblematic, passive process: the meanings of the programs are seen as given and obvious; the viewer is seen as passively receptive and mindless. (Livingstone p.3) This would mean that the television audience does not have to do anything but stare without thinking, and that the pictures we see do not leave any space for interpretation. However, we are a generation that has grown up learning to read television and interpret the conventions of television in order to put a meaning to the images shown. This creates the notion of reading television as natural. Marshal McLuhan also noted this active participation and in turn, labeled the television as a cool medium. A Cool medium is a low-definition display that draws a person in, requiring high participation to fill in the blanks. Although we do not realize all of the many processes required to view a television program, the watcher is in fact highly involved because of the low resolution monitor, mosaic screen, and thusly, greater mental participation. The mosaic of colored dots
Saturday, November 23, 2019
Controversial Topic on SUVs.
Controversial Topic on SUVs. Controversial Topic Assignment.Why I Luv My SUV.Byline: Walter Kirn I feel bad for my black '97 Toyota Land Cruiser. All it ever wanted to do was serve meby blasting through snowdrifts, fording flooded driveways and pulling my wife's VW out of ditchesand in all these chores, it has succeeded splendidly, yet certain people hate it. They hate its kind. They accuse my Toyota and its beefy brethren of being wasteful, anti-social, dangerous and even of abetting terrorism. I'd like to think that the critics' hostility, like other forms of bigotry, stems from ignorancebecause they simply don't know my vehicle or the rugged Montana terrain it ranges over. But I sense that their anger has deeper roots. Some people just feel incomplete without an enemy, and as it grows increasingly unacceptable to show intolerance toward any group of humans, it becomes more tempting to condemn inanimate objects. They can't defend themselves.Toyota Land CruiserThey can't hire lawyers or take out full-page ads. So whether the butt of the latest self-righteous crusade is a cell phone, a double cheeseburger or a bottle of malt liquor, it has no choice but to sit there and take its beating. As the owner of an SUV, I feel duty-bound to speak up for my poor vehicleand for myself, since I feel beaten up too. Nothing takes the pleasure out of driving like the suspicion that at every four-way stop, someone in a fuel-efficient compact is sneering at my moral deficiencies. I might as well be wearing a scarlet letter (three of them, actually). I want to scream, "But I live on a dirt road! I have a farm! See all the mud on my fenders! I need this rig!" Experience, though, makes me doubt that such protests would do any good. When I was...
Thursday, November 21, 2019
Interest Groups Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1
Interest Groups - Essay Example The students are the affected people when the parent reaches a point that he/she cannot pay the school fees because their learning is affected. The people who are likely to join the group are the parents. The parents will bear the whole burden. When the cost of education increases, the parents will have to strain when looking for fees. They will join the group because the group will assist to advocate for the reduction of fees or some part being subsidized (Sweenay & Grant 2012, p. 77). The strategy I would use is to approach the institution and discuss the rising costs of education. This will be after forming the group and we will accompany each other with the group members. This will assist as we will assist each other when discussing the issue with the relevant bodies in the institution. The first step is to ask the institution the reasons for the rising costs of education. After getting their views in the reasons, we will go to the next step, which will be the possible solutions to the problem. The next step is to ask and check if there are any unnecessary costs on the budgeted expenditure (Nà Bhrolchà ¡in & Beaujouan 2012, p. 103). If there is any cost that is unnecessary, we shall request the institution to drop the expenditure for the sake of reducing costs. This is because the reduction in costs will help the parents not to strain and at the same time, our studies will not be disrupted. If the institution will not respond to our request, we will take le gal steps. This means we shall seek for assistance from the respective law societies. After getting the feedback from the institution, we shall present it to the parents and other stakeholders whom we were representing. The money to be used in this process will be raised from the student unions. This is because there are some funds set for various activities organized by the student representatives in the university. We will present the opinion to the relevant officials of the
Wednesday, November 20, 2019
Workforce Diversity Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words
Workforce Diversity - Research Paper Example For many organizations, workforce diversity becomes serious issue which gives birth to bigger problems afterwards. Just like all other organizations, a hefty amount of diversity possesses at LOCOG as well. For an event like Olympics 2012, if the concern of diversity is not taken seriously then it might lead to multiple problems like conflict of interest, loss of time, efficiency and money, loss of productivity, legal actions and complaints, issues related to health etc. Acknowledging the importance of workforce diversity, many researchers have conducted researches in order to investigate the consequences, issues, importance and benefits of workforce diversity. In subsequent paragraphs, importance of workforce diversity has been mentioned in the light of relevant studies. Importance of Workforce Diversity Importance of diversity in workforce can be determined by acknowledging its severe consequences. If the proper management of workforce diversity is ignored, then there are chances fo r organization to encounter bigger mishaps. In this regard, Mannix and Neale (2005) conducted a study and explained the two aspects of workforce diversity that affect the organizational performance. These two aspects include: i. Functional Level Diversity ii. Surface Level Diversity It is necessary to recognize the widespread bases which cause diversity. These bases are categorized under two broader terminologies. Differences which arise on the basis of educational background, qualification, personality traits and experience are termed as Functional Level Diversity whereas differences appearing on the basis of ethnicity, gender, age and disability are categorized as Surface Level Diversity. Mannix and Neale (2005) investigated that surface level diversity leaves negative impacts on the performance of workers whereas functional level diversity yields positive results on the performance of workers. McCuiston, Wooldrige & Pierce (2004) also conducted research on the same subject. Howev er, they highlighted the importance of leadership in managing a diversified workforce. Being present at the top management of the organization and having the sole authority of making decisions, according to McCuiston, Wooldrige & Pierce (2004), it is the responsibility of organizationââ¬â¢s leaders to manage the diversity of workforce in an effective manner. The primary reason behind such intense diversity in workforce is globalization. After the financial crisis of 2007, people are migrating for getting better jobs which is increasing the intensity of workforce diversity more than ever before. In this regard, it is the responsibility of organizationââ¬â¢s top management to deal effectively with workforce diversity because if the reputation of an organization regarding dealing with diversity gets ruptured in the eyes of labor market, then potential talented candidates will feel reluctant in applying for that certain organization (Bartz, Hillman, Lehrer, and Mayhugh, 1990). Man aging Workforce Diversity at LOCOG 2012 For most of the organizations, it becomes difficult to deal with the issues related to workforce diversity. Many organizations take assistance from mentors, experts and practitioners in order to develop an applicable and efficient structure of strategies. Shen, Chanda, Dââ¬â¢Netto & Monga (2009) have defined a clear structure of developing strategies for workforce diversity. They stated that for dealing with diversity, organization needs to formulate strategies at all three organizational levels. They include strategic level, tactical level and operational level. At strategic level, strategies must be crafted for long term purpose i.e. establishing strategies so that they will be applicable for more than 10 years. Such
Sunday, November 17, 2019
Marine Bio Essay Example for Free
Marine Bio Essay You can determine the turtleââ¬â¢s species by the upper shell brown/reddish brown color, the lower shell creamy/yellow color, body skin brown/yellow color, the rusty brown scales on their head, and the weight and length of the turtle varying from 77-227 kilograms and 1. 2 meters. b) You can determine the sex by many features. The turtleââ¬â¢s sexual maturity isnââ¬â¢t achieved until they are 15-20 years old. Adult males have longer tails and are much larger than adult females. A pair breads at sea and the female come to shore to nest her eggs. Loggerheads nest from April to July. Usually, there can be 105-120 eggs laid in a clutch. Single females of the species can have many clutches during a season. Some nest every year, whereas others alternate years. The incubation period can last from 55 -60 days. Like most sea turtles, they nest at night. c) The age of a sea turtle is determined by growth of in length and weight gain. d) Loggerheads also bury themselves in the mud during winter months. 2. The most common reasons turtles become sick or injured in Florida are because lights on coastal highways and housing developments disorient the hatchlings often causing them to move away from the water and be killed by automobiles or predators. 3. The specific type of turtle rescued was The Loggerhead Sea Turtle or ââ¬Å"Loggerheadâ⬠4. The type of food we will need to feed the rescued turtle is a variety of crabs, jellyfish, shellfish, and sponges. 5. This species needs to stay around fresh-water for means of drinking and stay at seas for breading (if more than one is in rehabilitation). 6. The rehabilitation area should be kept at a warm temperature and should be no smaller than 39ft.
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